Commutation in dynamo-electric machines



Aug. 26, 1930. J. KOZISEK COMIUIATION. IN DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES FiledDec. '7,- 1928 Fig. 2.

ATTORNEY i hpnlicetionshave filedline foteign eonntries as followsGermany, October 8, n 1927 Sweden, September- 29, 1928 'Switzer-Q.mnosmv xoz snx; g;eem mwiem mmm GERMANY, ASSIGNOR iro WEST-@INQHOUSEJELEQQBIC GalYIAL IUR A CfIURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OFPENN- m mmqei m m ws 7, 11928, smei end Gerinenj OctjobhS, 192%.

and, 3 September 1928 Qzeehoslovekie,

I OCtoberB, 1928. 1 n l {My invention relates A to dynamo-electricmachines and, more paftionlarly, to "means i, for insnring equaldistribution ofc'ujrr ent s in thej'druin-armature Winding sof eitherdirect? current or alternating cu rrentmeehines, pier-ll ticularly thoseof the ooimnutaton type. 1 l l Commutation of dynamo-electric machinesis often impairedgbeeause of nnequal distri bution of current betweenthe difierentbrush tion of enrrentmay bellettriblited toi various Isistanceof the vetioushrushes ineydifier be circumstances, FOi' instene, theeontactre-l cause of difieren'cein hrush prejssunes, or, even thebrushes may be improperly: adjusted; on aligned; Asia resnlt, there areverysubstanrents whiph 1 are 'commuta'tedht the fespective LQbiemmyainveeiono it which are ied by some the mature it butionbjetween lcoils of the drum winding whiletheyereim- "deneommutationr: l l i It isanother object ofmy invention topron, l vide Ineansfor halencingfthecurrent distribntion between the perallel ci cuits of theHermatnrewinding.

It is afurther eb eet bfm invention to providejmeans fonhalaneing theflux distri e'i agne e hs of the e i I accordance with'mj invention,IIPro vide one or? more auxiliary ring-wound wind;

-ings which encirele the armature core and which are closed-oironited onthemselves, and I l the coils of which are evenly distributedon thearmature circumference; The resultant tiel differences in thejmagnitudesof thefcur! v .n i v means for damping the abnormalcnrrentsof ithecommutetingi coils induce a resultant voltage in the ring-Windingand this voltnge sets up a damping currentin that Windlng [wh ch opposesthe unequal distribution I of the e'om nut ated cnrrents. 1'Furthermore, the r ng wind ng will also oppose unequal cnrrentldistribiition in-the individual parala fFOrfe better understandingof my iny n;

leli-eonineeted "circuits of the eolnrnntating tion, reference maybehh'ad to l the aceonrpenymg draW ngJn which t F gui'e 1 s ei'diagremmatie View of a l l fdynamoeelectrio machinehavihg a rotoremai'nisl The reason 1 "this i-unequal distribii {and :7 l i n n jFig.v2 isja diagrammatic view of a rotor bodying the ring Winding ofmyinvention,

core, showing the utilization of a plurality lOSeCl rl11gWi11d iI 1:gS,in accordance with lnyinventionu v in in i llustrated a; rotor core 3Wilih in a statoi' inelnber 4; The rotorcore 3 isof the ringltype but'isalsozprovided with peripheral eoil slots 5for disposition of a mainoornmntetingi drum inding 6, In accoi'danee with ny inventionythere isalso provided, within the slots 5, a; short-cireuited;

tiniformlydistributed ringflxvinding 7, the

, coils of which encircle the active yoke iron of the 'ot0 eofe,\the1external conductors of success ve coil's lyingwat the; bottoms of con-.

secutive fslots Since-the zringl Winding interlinksivvithfthe qslotleakage fluxes, indicated l at"8,"sunroundingtheseparate slots, it prolwhichieaseyonly the vectorial sum Of alk'the trib'iltion: of theIeornnniteted currents at the individual bIgush arms becomes unequal. f

slotleekage flnxesis effective for "generating a, short cneuit min-lentiThus, a @currentof substantial velue is obtained when tllGdIS It} will;be understood that niygring Windeaehl seeondaoi' third slot, or aplurality of.

pending, of 11 Course, (upon the design of the "AstshowninlFig. lgithering win-dinglinteb linksthedeekage fluxes ofall of the slots and ingmey-beferi'anged in e pluralityof Weys;

turns may bejdi sposed in a'lsingleslotn de rangement may, prove.somewhat imperfect,

since not only is thereactancefiux of thering winding set up in I theparticular slots under commutation, where the e'fi'ect isdesireclgbut areactance flux is setup around the slots which. are not undercommutation, and,'c.onsequent-.fl

ly, the damping efiect may be considerably weakened. U i

To overcome this disadvantage, an arrange- Inent, suchas shown iniFig;2,n'1ay*be emapart of each coil correspondinggto,the spac x" ing of thebrushes on the commutator. 111 this i so that this ring winding isinductivelyafiectthese comlnutationfleakage fluxes willbe' sub ployedwherein a plurality of ring win-dings, are utilized,"the coils of eachringwinding be ingdisposed, in slot group, the; distanoe manner; thereis'only one active ring winding in slots in which coin nutationistakingplace,

ed only bytheleakagefluxes of theslo-tswhich are under commutation v Vdamping current "set up by the resultant of i stantiallystrongeriandinore effective," y

tator machine, the stator member and the three brushes ll, 12 and .13 ofthemachine are shown above the rotor core, sep arated from each other by120. The? slots 14 15 and 16 lying under the: threefbrushes thuscontain;coilss'in vvhich commutation is just "taking? place. 1-Tof damp outunequal commutation 'currents,'- provide as many independentclosed-circuit ringwindings as there are. slots betweenthe consecutivebrushes. -Thus, for a twospoleg l2-sloti'machine, there will be fourclosed-circuitring-windingsl7,18;19 and20 i and eachindividualringwindingwill.consist 4 of three series-connected coils. .4

My inventionalsohas-applicationto ma chines without commutat0rs',such1assynchronous and induction machinesQin ordertopre vent theljoccur'rence of 1 bearing currents. Bearing currentsare'known toioccurWhenthe useful fluxvaries in strengthon the armature i it Qcircumference byrreason of theexistence-of 1' jointsini the stator core;ring winding 7 7 @rnaybe inounteclxon theactiveyokelarmyas alreadydescribed, and may b6 utilized'to; Q i dampout thefluctuationsofthisuseful flux.'

I claim asimy invention}; 1

at anytime; theconductors of which lieionly Accordingly,l the ture corehavinga drum wound comrnutating winding and a plurality'of closedauxiliary ring windings surrounding the active core and spaced equally aroundthe core, thefouter conductors thereof being disposedin theslotsprovided for the cornmutating winding; 'below the" conductors of;windingr, V

a 3. In a dynamo-electric machine, an arma tu're core having a druinwound commutating t Winding and'apluralityof ringwindings, the g coilsofeaolr of-the individual ring windings fbeingdisposed in'slots; andthedifferent "ringwinding circuits being" spaced on the armaturecircumferencein acoordailoe ywith the spacing of; the commutatonbrushes;

1-4, Apparatus for "securing equal on the coniinutating, winding.

Winding on a slotted armature, means to secure equal distribution ofcurrent in; the loom- Q 1 mutatlng windlng which comprlses ,apluraL mainrotor wnidlngs belng omltted. The;

said oomrnutating 1 clistribu-f 5 tion ofcurrentin armature windings-o1a dy-g namo-electrie "machine comprisingian arma imcore havingiadrum-wound cominutating finding anclanfluncornrnutatiiig balancingwindingicomprising a. closedcii'cuited wind inghayingzturns "spacedapart a distance, cor; 'respondingftolsthe adistance between brushes i V7 machinedhairing a drum-woundcommutating l InfFig. 2 1s lllustrated adevelopmentof the l'otorcore of a two-poleythree-phase cornm'u-u ity ,of'clo'sed-circuited windings having the turns of the indivi dual windingsspaced apart.

are unbalancedL-I 1 Intestimony-whereoffl 'scribed my nanie this 16thd'ayof Noirernber;

1928 at Berlin'- Siemensstadt, Germanyj 1. In a dynamo-electrr machinean arma-f ture core having ajdrum-Iwound commutating so as lto" beinclthe"slots withathecoilsof the 1' commutating winding undergoing voommutat-ion, saidclosedireuitedwinding carrying.

l moo H V currentonIyJWhenZ the oonlmutatedlcurrents i

